SBL STUDY

Sley Eccentricity refers to the lateral displacement of the sley (the part of a loom that holds the reed and beats the weft into place) during weaving. It is an important factor in loom dynamics that affects fabric quality and loom efficiency. Causes of Sley Eccentricity: 1. Mechanical Defects – Wear and tear in loom components like crankshafts, bearings, or reed holders. 2. Improper Settings – Incorrect alignment of the sley or unbalanced beat-up motion. 3. Uneven Force Distribution – Irregular movement in the crankshaft or the drive mechanism. 4. High Loom Speed – Excessive loom speed can cause vibrations, leading to eccentric sley movement. Effects of Sley Eccentricity: Uneven beat-up, leading to fabric defects like reed marks or irregular picks per inch (PPI). Increased loom vibrations, causing mechanical wear and reduced loom efficiency. Potential breakage of warp or weft yarns, especially in high-speed looms. Ways to Reduce Sley Eccentricity: Regular maintenance of loom parts (cr...

  Beat-Up on Plain Power Loom is the process of pushing the newly inserted weft yarn into the fell of the cloth (the point where the fabric is being formed). It is a crucial operation in weaving that determines the density, compactness, and quality of the woven fabric. Below is a detailed study of the beat-up process on plain power looms: 1. Overview of Beat-Up Mechanism The beat-up mechanism moves the reed forward to push the weft yarn tightly against the fabric being formed. It is a repetitive and precisely timed motion synchronized with other loom operations, such as shedding and picking. Key Functions of Beat-Up: Pushes the weft yarn into the fell of the cloth. Determines the fabric's weft density (picks per inch). Ensures uniformity in the fabric's texture. 2. Components of the Beat-Up Mechanism The beat-up mechanism consists of several key components that work together to achieve the desired fabric quality: a. Reed: A comb-like structure mounted on the sle...

  Picking is an essential operation in the weaving process, responsible for inserting the weft yarn across the warp threads. On plain power looms, picking mechanisms are designed to deliver a smooth and efficient weft insertion without damaging the warp or the weft yarn. Here is a detailed study of picking on plain power looms , covering the components, working principle, and key considerations. 1. Picking Mechanism Overview The picking mechanism on a plain power loom is a mechanical system that propels the shuttle containing the weft yarn across the warp shed. The process involves precise timing and control to ensure efficient weaving. Key Functions: Propel the shuttle through the shed. Maintain accuracy in weft placement. Avoid damage to the shuttle, yarn, or loom components. 2. Components of Picking Mechanism The picking mechanism primarily consists of the following components: a. Picking Stick: A flexible lever attached to the loom frame. Transfers force to the ...

 Here's a detailed explanation of the passage of warp yarn through a plain power loom for your assignment: Passage of Warp Yarn Through a Plain Power Loom The path of the warp yarn through a plain power loom involves several steps, as detailed below: 1. Weaver's Beam: The warp yarn is wound onto the weaver's beam, which serves as the main supply of warp threads for weaving. The beam ensures consistent tension and alignment of the threads. 2. Back Rest: The warp threads pass over the back rest, which helps in guiding the threads and maintaining even tension. It also provides a smooth flow of the yarns during the weaving process. 3. Lease Rods: The lease rods help in separating and organizing the warp threads. They ensure that the threads remain in their correct order and spacing as they pass through the loom. 4. Healds (Heald Shafts): The warp threads pass through the healds, which are thin wires or cords with an eye (hole) in the middle. The healds are mounted on heald shaf...

Bottom Shaft Tappet Shaft Each of these shafts plays a crucial role in the loom’s functioning, especially in the motion transmission and controlling different loom operations. Let's explore them in detail. 1. Crank Shaft The crankshaft is one of the primary rotating components of the loom that provides power and motion to other parts. Function: The crankshaft converts the rotary motion from the motor or prime mover into reciprocating motion. It drives the sley (or reed), causing it to move forward and backward. It helps maintain the proper timing of the beating-up process, ensuring the newly inserted weft thread is pushed firmly against the fabric edge. Construction: Typically made of high-strength steel or forged iron to withstand high stresses. It has eccentric cams or crank arms to transfer motion. It is connected to crank arms and levers that assist in moving the sley. Working: As the crankshaft rotates, it moves the sley in a to-and-fro motion. The crank arm pushes the reed fo...

 In looms, shafts (also referred to as harnesses) are integral components that control the movement of warp threads during the weaving process. Different types of shafts on looms serve various purposes depending on the loom type and weaving requirements. Here are the main types: 1. Plain Shaft: Used for simple weaves like plain weave. Each shaft lifts specific warp threads to create the interlacement with the weft. 2. Twilling Shaft: Designed for twill weaves. Multiple shafts are used (at least 3 or 4) to create diagonal patterns. 3. Jacquard Shaft: Used in looms with a jacquard mechanism. Allows individual control of each warp thread for complex patterns and designs. 4. Dobby Shaft: Used in dobby looms. Designed to handle intermediate levels of complexity in patterns, requiring fewer shafts than jacquard systems. 5. Tappet Shaft: Used in tappet looms. Works with cams or tappets to lift shafts in a pre-set sequence, suitable for simpler weaves. 6. Drop Box Shaft: Found in looms wit...

 Here are the definitions of each part of the Bale Breaker Machine along with their functions: Hopper Bale Opener:— A hopper bale opener is a machine that opens cotton bales and mixes the fibers. It's used in the textile industry to prepare cotton for spinning.  1. Creeper Lattice (First Conveyor Belt) It is the initial conveyor belt in the system. It transfers the fed material (cotton fiber bales) to the next conveyor belt, which is the feed lattice. 2. Feed Lattice (Bottom Lattice) Also known as the bottom lattice because it starts at the lower end of the creeper lattice. It moves the material from the creeper lattice to the inclined lattice. It operates at a relatively higher speed to ensure smooth material flow. 3. Inclined Lattice (Spikes Lattice) This is also called the spikes lattice as it has metallic pins (spikes) on its surface. These spikes grab the fiber tufts from the feed lattice and transport them to a higher level in the machine. 4. Even Roller It is positioned...